Showing posts with label cats. Show all posts
Showing posts with label cats. Show all posts

Friday, 5 February 2021

La vida secreta de los gatos

by Ana Juan and Marta Sanz

Friendship, love, community, curiosity, rage, introspection, maternity, death, hate, laziness, pleasure, sensuality, supernatural. These are the themes (as well as the table of contents) of this book, written by Marta Sanz and illustrated by Ana Juan. All the cats here are unique and fascinating but not all are cute, and some are positively menacing.

I am not a huge fan of vers libre but, since some of the poems made me smile, the poetry passed the test. Also, (I think) I expanded my vocabulary with words as azogue, gazapo, pócima, reyezuelo, zángano...

Sunday, 17 May 2020

Flor

This Flor is really quite something, I said.
All the landladies we’ve dealt with have been quite something, said T.
That’s true, I said. However, I never shared an apartment with any of them.

It was different with Flor.

I have to say from the start that Flor was (and remains) the most tight-fisted person I’ve ever met. The fact that I ended up there resulted from a misunderstanding. The room was not available till the end of the month, and so after a short mail exchange I was about to say no thanks, when she suggested, you stay on the sofa in my living room, very cheap, and then who knows, maybe my current tenant will leave early, anyway, you arrive Saturday, have a look, make up your mind by Monday, no obligation.

I have only myself to blame, really.

And so, I arrived on Saturday and till Monday she was nice and welcoming. As soon as I paid the deposit, though, she revealed her true self.

Let’s start with this very deposit. She carefully inspected the banknotes. One of the fifty-euro bills was slightly ripped. I explained that I’d just got them from the ATM and she shouldn’t have any problems using it. That was not good enough.
She said she’ll guard this bill until the day of my departure and will return it to me with the rest of the deposit. That did not look too reassuring.

Ah, Flor, Flor. Being only a couple years older than me, this lady seemed to proudly possess the mentality of a generation (or two) ago. She had never worked in her life, never had a family, her parents were long gone, she didn’t have any friends. The object of all her affection was a large elderly cat whose main occupation was shedding hair. Six months later, unpacking my suitcase back home, I discovered that the damn animal’s hair was still all over my clothes. Flor fascinated me, in the grotesque way of Gogol’s characters.

When I’m out of here, I said, I’ll have to write something about her.
That would be great, said T.

In the course of the following days, Flor started to introduce the rules of living in her apartment. The laundry had to be done once a week, one load only. When I told her that I at least have to separate the whites and non-whites, she answered that no, no, no, I don’t have to, with modern detergents and modern washing machines like she has. This approach somehow explained the grey colour of the towels and bed linen she provided me with.

When locking the door, you always had to turn the key twice, whether you were outside or inside, whenever.

On the other hand, she allowed her cat, whom she never called anything other than “my Lucky”, to sleep on the top of the glass-ceramic cooker. Needless to say, I didn’t cook much in her kitchen. From the onset, her Lucky chose to ignore me, but Flor regarded his behaviour as a sign of noble benevolence. I take it that his attitude towards her other tenants had been far worse.

One day she sent me a message at six in the morning warning that her Lucky had made a mess in the hall, asking me to turn the light on and look under my feet. I only read it at eight, when I had already left for work and it was too late anyway.

Flor spent most of her time at home, with quick shopping excursions when it was not too hot (and, as it was hot all the time, I can’t imagine when exactly she did it). I never met her in the morning.
Arriving from work, I always saw her in the kitchen, where she apparently spent all her evenings and nights with the telly on till the early hours of the morning. She loved TV game shows. From time to time she would leave the kitchen in order to ask me something — like, what was the birthplace of Beethoven? — related to the programme being watched at the moment. Another thing she was watching was her tenant’s movements.
“Come and go whenever you need”, she’d say. “No problem. Total freedom here.”
Once I arrived home just before midnight. “Look, Cinderella is here!” Flor shouted from the kitchen while I was locking the door (double turn of the key, of course).

Another time, I came home quite tired and took a nap. After waking up at about 2 am, I decided that now was the time to have a full-scale sleep. When I saw her the next day, Flor seemed a bit upset (or, shall I say, a bit more upset than usual). I asked her what was up; she grumpily explained that I didn’t wish her a good night.

She’s in love, said T.

In the living room — where seemingly nobody had lived until I arrived, for all the furniture was covered with plastic, to protect it from dust and omnipresent cat hair — there was a cuckoo clock. From Black Forest, Flor boasted. I didn’t check. The clock was driving me nuts because its cuckoo action did not correlate with time at all. Flor asked me if the clock bothered me and I said yes, I would greatly appreciate it if the bird kept silent at least when I went to bed. So just before midnight Flor would come to the living room and switch the sound off, and then the next morning (I suppose) she would switch it back on.

After sleeping for twenty days on a sofa, I was finally given my “own” bedroom. Needless to say, as soon as I left the living room, the damn cuckoo was never quiet again. Flor chose that very day to make an announcement. She told me that I was a wonderful tenant, polite and helpful and that we got on so well...

Well, she is wrong there, said T.
Only on the last part, I said.

...but I have one teeny tiny flaw: I spend too much time in the shower. From now on, I should shower no more than once a day, like 99% of the Spanish population do. (I have no clue where she read that.) She said that, one time a day, I can stay in the shower as long as I want though. My argument that two short showers instead of one long one would save her more water didn’t convince her.

For a week, I considered various options (like getting a gym membership or going to the beach every night) but none of them seemed reasonable. With night-time temperatures reaching the thirties, there was no way I could continue like that. Finally, I confronted Flor and said that I wanted to make a deal with her.
Flor seemed surprised by my attitude.
“We’re talking deals now”, she observed.
I said that I needed my shower at least twice a day and was ready to pay my part of the water bill.
“But I don’t know what the bill will be. It’ll only arrive beginning of next month.”
I said by that time I’d be long gone.
And she knew it.

Many years ago, reading Treasure Island, I was struck by young Jim Hawkins blaming his mother “for her honesty and her greed”. Jim boy, surely you don’t mean that? How could anybody be both greedy and honest? Maybe in books like Treasure Island, but not in real life.

And here was Flor, just to prove me wrong.

“Oh well, you can have two showers a day”, she sighed at last. “But make them fast, will you.”

Very soon, as if to extract further value, shower-wise, from her amazing tenant, Flor asked if I knew how to change a shower head. The one I was using — twice a day, as she never failed to keep track of my bathroom activities — was leaking a bit. So she bought a new head and wondered if she could save on a plumber.

I said yes, I know, but I can’t do it with my bare hands. The old shower head was rusty as hell and refused to be unscrewed. Flor said, shall we look in the toolbox? This toolbox turned out to be just an old cardboard box filled with assorted bits of iron, also rusty. There was nothing useful on the surface, so I started to dig. Wait a minute, said Flor. She produced a couple of apparently new, in fact ten-year-old newspapers (from her secret stash of never-read periodicals, I guess — she never threw anything away) and I emptied the box on them. Still nothing.
“I need a wrench”, I said. “Or pliers. Or something.”
“Can we buy a wrench in a Chinese shop?” she asked.
“I guess.”
“Then hurry up, it closes in 10 minutes. Here, take a fiver.”
What a persuasive lady.
The nearest Chinese bazaar was just round the corner and, indeed, was about to close. I bought their last (!) adjustable spanner for under four euros and came back. It took me about five minutes to replace the shower head.
Flor refused to take the change.
“Keep it,” she said, “you earned it.”
With just over a euro in profit, I thought I should start considering a career in plumbing.

It was mid-July and not getting any cooler. In my room there was an air-con on the wall, but Flor did not provide me with a remote to turn it on. “If you need air conditioning, you can always go to the living room”, Flor said. So I did, from time to time, when I didn’t mind the dumb cuckoo.
Flor suffered too. According to her, she’s never liked the heat, and it’s always hot in this city, so she lives a miserable life here. She came here from the north of the country twenty years ago and bought this blasted apartment because she thought it was a sound investment, something that she is regretting now. It’s nothing like in my home town here, she would say: too hot, too noisy, too expensive...
“If you’re so unhappy, why don’t you go back?” I asked once when I couldn’t bear her whingeing any longer.
“I can’t. I would need to sell the flat then.”
Flor gave me some incomprehensible figures. I bought this apartment for so many millions of pesetas, she said, and now I couldn’t sell it for more than so many thousands of euros because, you see, the area is going to the dogs, that’s why I charge you so little.

I thought that if she expected to keep the number of zeros intact she was probably stuck there forever.

Once I was in the kitchen slicing an avocado.
“What a weird fruit!” noted Flor. “What is it?”
Wow.
“Avocado.”
“Never tried it in my life. What does it taste like?”
“Um... I can’t explain. It’s indescribable. Do you want a slice?”
“No.”
She explained that she didn’t like trying new things.
I proceeded with my dinner.
Ten minutes later (seeing me still alive):
“Can I try a little bit?”
“Be my guest.”

She hated it, suggested T.

(After a pause.) “It is not disagreeable.”

Not bad, considering, T. said.

The avocado pit, washed and dried (by me), was still on the table. Shiny, almost perfectly spherical, shame to throw away.

“Can we plant it?” asked Flor.
“Sure. If you want.”
“At what depth?”

I see you have a lot of use, said T.

“I don’t know really.”
“Very well”. Flor sounded disappointed. “I’ll ask Siri then.”
“Go ahead”, I muttered, incredulously.
“Siri, at what depth should I plant an avocado seed?”
There was a pause of a few seconds that seemed like an eternity.
“Seriously?” finally said Siri.
I almost slid off my chair. Then I washed my plate and excused myself.

Later the same night, just before going to bed, I found on the web instructions on how to grow avocado and sent it to Flor. She responded instantaneously. “We already did the first two steps.” The steps were: 1) take out the pit; 2) dry it. And I did it on my own before she even knew what the fruit was called.

She is funny, said T.

The next day, Flor procured four toothpicks (that’s generosity, that is, said T.) and watched in childlike fascination as I, following the instructions, suspended the avocado pit over a glass of water. Then she marked the day of Avocado Pit Soaking in her wall calendar. For a few weeks after my departure, Flor kept sending me avocado progress reports until it got rotten and she threw it away.

Since the day I told her I wouldn’t be staying for another month, Flor placed ads for the room and informed me daily how many applicants she got. She was judging them just like she judged the participants of First Dates, one of her favourite programmes. Most were rejected because she didn’t like their Whatsapp userpics. There were a lot of students but she accepted no students. A guy with a stable job phoned but he sounded Chinese. There was a young working girl but she had a cat and one could not possibly bring another cat to her Lucky’s house. One day a young, muscular man (she showed me his userpic later) even came to check out the room but she rejected him as too superficial.

You set the bar too high, T. said.

So I did. For example, once she asked me if I can accompany her to meet one Mohammad. This latter was coming from out of town to buy her mobile phone, the same one she had unsuccessfully tried to sell me for the last month or so. Flor said that Mohammad sounded very polite on the phone, shame she couldn’t understand him very well, but in the end they agreed on a time and place to meet. It was after dark, and she was a bit afraid to confront a stranger. While we walked towards the supermarket parking lot (that was the meeting place she specified), she suddenly asked: “Are you thinking what I’m thinking?”
No, I said. How could I possibly know that?
“Have you ever heard about Islamic terrorist bombs triggered by mobile phones?”

That’s just great, I thought.

In spite of her suspicions, she was determined to sell her mobile to the Islamist because he didn’t haggle. In the end, everything went smoothly, as far as I was concerned.

I was leaving Saturday morning. To my surprise, Flor decided to return the deposit on Friday. Sure enough, it contained my torn banknote.

For a few months, Flor continued to update me on her life. Her new tenant, an American, was nothing like me (but of course!), he never volunteered to throw out the cat litter, for example, nor could he master the art of running the washing machine; after moving in, he stopped working and spent all his time hanging around the house, and Flor did not like that at all. When the water bill arrived, no higher than normal, she wrote to apologise (with the photo attached) for restricting my access to the shower.
I replied monosyllabically, so as not to encourage her. Gradually, the stream of messages died down. That year’s season’s greetings seemed to be a logical point to stop.

Two years later, I got a message sent from an unknown number. Somebody enquired if I and my family were OK; adding later “you probably don’t remember me”. I did not apologise for not recognising her singular style; nor did I say anything along the lines of “How can I forget” (I can’t), just asked if she changed her mobile. “Oh no,” she said, “I still have the one you know. But that is reserved for business only.” I assumed that I had been pro/demoted from “clients” to “acquaintances”.

Flor informed me that her trusty Lucky had died and her life had been even more miserable ever since. Although she got a new cat, Tiger, as a present (it remained unclear from whom), it could not fill the void in her life. And he’s nothing like her Lucky who was all love and tenderness, she said, this one is a vicious wild beast with razor-sharp claws and teeth.

A few photos of her new master were attached. I didn’t see a wild beast, just a frightened tabby kitten. Don’t worry, Tiger. Everything’s gonna be all right. You’ll tame Flor soon enough.

Of course, I didn’t tell her that.

Saturday, 15 February 2020

Mascotas, espíritus y otros prodigios del Inframundo

by Pep Brocal

Looking for her cat Dudu, Amalia ends up going to the underworld. Along the way, she meets Bruce Lee, the author of Divina Commedia, and Lucifer, among the others. Gripping story and stylish illustrations will make you crave for more Inframundo.

Friday, 3 May 2019

Hard or soft?

First published 3 May 2019 @ sólo algunas palabras

If you ever came across the concepts of hard and soft c or hard and soft g you may have wondered, like me, why on earth they are called so. I know, I know, the same character may represent two (or more) distinct phonemes, but this happens with many other letters all the time. And what exactly is hard and what is soft? These phonemes are just different.

In many languages, the hard c is the one that is pronounced as the voiceless velar stop /k/, as in the English word cat. In English, the soft c is pronounced as the voiceless alveolar sibilant, /s/, as in face. In Italian, the soft c is the voiceless postalveolar affricate //, as in ciao, and in Peninsular Spanish it is the voiceless dental fricative /θ/, as in cero. Similarly, the hard g typically is the voiced velar stop /ɡ/ as in get , while the soft g could be either the voiced postalveolar affricate /d͡ʒ/ (English gentleman, Italian giallo), voiced postalveolar fricative /ʒ/ (French genre, Portuguese girassol), or voiceless velar fricative /x/ (Spanish gemelo).

As mentioned earlier, consonants in Russian also could be either “hard” (твёрдые) or “soft” (мягкие). This “hardness” / “softness”, however, is a totally different concept from that of “hard / soft c / g” and, believe me, it makes much more sense. To start with, when there is a hard/soft pair, we are talking not about two unrelated consonants but two “flavours” of the same basic sound. In phonetics, the process of “softening” is called palatisation, which means that the back of the tongue is touching the palate. Is that important? Yes! The subtle difference in pronunciation may lead to complete change of meaning, as could be demonstrated by minimal pairs быть / бить, об / Обь, воз / вёз, вол / вёл, кров / кровь, клад / кладь, вяз / вязь, лаз / лазь, был / быль, кол / коль, лыс / лис, лук / люк, мел / мель, мол / моль, мыл / мыль, пыл / пыль, угол / уголь, мал / мял, мыл / мил, вон / вонь, кон / конь, нос / нёс, пена / пеня, пыл / пил, рад / ряд, раса / ряса, хор / хорь, вес / весь, сом / сём, суда / сюда, ест / есть, жест / жесть, мат / мать, томный / тёмный, фон / фён etc.

The “softening” of Russian consonants before so-called iotified vowels (е, ё, ю and я) is often transliterated in English with letters y or i, which is both understandable (given that the very letters are transliterated as ye, yo, yu and ya, respectively) and unfortunate. Many people who learn Russian reading transliterated texts end up mispronouncing the soft consonants. Also, there is no difference between palatisation of consonants followed by iotified vowels and those followed by и. That IPA had adopted a superscript j as a “softener” symbol (as in // for soft б etc.) instead of developing the proper characters for palatised consonants does not help either. The softening achieved with the soft sign ь, especially that of terminal consonants, sometimes is marked with an apostrophe ’ but often is not transliterated at all.

Согласная
Consonant
Твёрдая
Hard
Мягкая
Soft
б забыть забить
в кров кровь
г гэта гетто
д клад кладь
з вяз вязь
к укор ликёр
л пыл пыль
м мыло мило
н кон конь
п спать спят
р вихры вихри
с вес весь
т шест шесть
ф фарфор шофёр
х блоха блохи

Your Russian textbook most likely tells you that the consonants ж, ц and ш are always hard (even if followed by soft sign) while й, ч and щ are always soft. However, I see no intrinsic reason why ж and ц cannot be palatised. For instance, some Russian speakers pronounce words like вожжи /'voʑːɪ/, дрожжи /'droʑːɪ/, жужжать /ʐʊ'ʑːætʲ/, заезжий /zɐ'jeʑːɪj/, позже /'poʑːe/ and even дождь /doʑː/ with soft ж. Although I can’t think right now of any “native” word utilising the soft ц, many Russian speakers can easily pronounce Ukrainian surnames such as Грицюк or Цюрупа. As for ш, its palatised version is щ. As is the case with other consonant softening, replacing ш with щ changes the meaning dramatically: cf. плюш / плющ, чаша / чаща, or шит / щит.

If the word finishes with either “always hard” or “always soft” consonant, what’s the point of using the soft sign at all? We have the same (hard) ж in both ёж and рожь, same (soft) ч in врач and ночь, same (hard) ш in both душ and сушь, same (soft) щ in лещ and вещь. Well, I think this is due to spelling regularisation of nouns: the soft sign, where present, is there simply to indicate that the noun belongs to the third declension. The soft sign is also found in the reflexive verbs infinitive ending -ться, as opposed to the third person present -тся, although both are pronounced /t͡sə/ (cf. нравиться and нравится, бояться and боятся).

Monday, 11 February 2019

Blends, melds, portmanteaux

First published 11 February 2019 @ sólo algunas palabras

The Oxford Dictionary defines portmanteau as

  1. A large travelling bag, typically made of stiff leather and opening into two equal parts.
  2. A word blending the sounds and combining the meanings of two others, for example motel or brunch.

It was Lewis Carroll, or rather Humpty Dumpty, who first used the word in the sense (2):

“Well, ‘slithy’ means ‘lithe and slimy.’ ‘Lithe’ is the same as ‘active.’ You see it’s like a portmanteau — there are two meanings packed up into one word.”

Curiously, the word portmanteau (1) is derived from French portemanteau (“coat stand”), which is a compound, rather than a portmanteau (2), of porte (“carry”) + manteau (“coat”). Clearly coat stand is rather different from a suitcase, so French use mot-valise, “word suitcase” (a relatively recent back-translation from English) in the sense portmanteau (2). Confused? I prefer to use much shorter words, blend or meld, this latter itself a blend of melt and weld.

The Wikipedia’s list of portmanteaus (or portmanteaux, if we use the faux-français plural form) includes Benelux, Britpop, Interpol, Medicaid, sysadmin and so on. These are in fact not portmanteaus but syllabic abbreviations, where there is no word part overlap at all. Nor does Brexit belong to this list, although Grexit (from which the word Brexit was probably derived) does. Syllabic abbreviations used to be de rigueur in 20th-century German (Gestapo, Stasi) and Soviet-era Russian (agitprop, proletkult, Mosselprom etc.) which can explain why these somewhat went out of fashion. The word Ostalgie (blend of Ost and Nostalgie) perfectly summarises that complex feeling (yes, we do miss it, but not really) peculiar to the ex-Eastern Bloc citizens.

To my taste, the best melds are those where the phonemic overlap is maximal and the change to each lexeme is minimal, as in adorkable, bromance, hepeating, pregret, sexting, textpectation and, of course, chocolack. They also happen to be humorous. Philip Hensher noted that misunderestimated, an accidental (as is the case with many Bushisms) masterpiece,

is one of George W Bush’s most memorable additions to the language, and an incidentally expressive one: it may be that we rather needed a word for “to underestimate by mistake”.

According to Russian Wikipedia, word blending (known as контаминация — a horrible word, let’s never use it) is not typical in Russian. One might speculate that Russian, with its rich arsenal of prefixes and suffixes, is doing just fine without blends. On the other hand, Korney Chukovsky wrote in his book «От двух до пяти» (From Two to Five) that it is extremely common in children’s (Russian) language. In Chukovsky’s view, children modify the new/difficult words to make them meaningful, for instance

Maybe. However, I simply can’t believe that the young author of the wonderful word отмухиваться was not aware of the meaning of отмахиваться. A single word for «отмахиваться от мух», “to wave flies away”, is practically begging to be created — and so it was. I totally agree with Chukovsky that children’s word creation is not any different from “folk” one (cf. спинжак = спина + пиджак or хрущоба = хрущёвка + трущоба).

Кот отмухивается // The cat is waving away the flies

As for “literary” Russian, there are plenty of examples of melds too. Velimir Khlebnikov was designing words such as грезитва, жарири, лебедиво and пушкиноты full-time. Nabokov introduced шлепоток и хлебет, Brodsky invented Верзувий, Vysotsky gave us пороговно, Yuri Entinтрубадурочка, Yuri ShevchukЕдиночество, Andrey Knyshev came up with остролог, парторгия, псевдонимб, генеральный секрецарь... And did you know that Ilf and Petrov used to publish their stories under the pen name of Ф. Толстоевский (F. Tolstoyesvsky)?

See also: Portmanteau words taboo game

Sunday, 3 February 2019

Жил один рыжий человек

First published 3 February 2019 @ sólo algunas palabras
Жил один рыжий человек, у которого не было глаз и ушей.
У него не было и волос, так что рыжим его называли условно.
There was a red-haired man who had no eyes or ears.
Neither did he have any hair, so he was called red-haired theoretically.

In Russian, adjectives agree with the noun in case, gender, and number. For instance, «рыжий кот» (ginger cat) in nominative [Example 1m]:

adjective noun
singular рыжий кот
Nom / m / s Nom / m / s
plural рыжие коты
Nom / pl Nom / m / pl

If we change the noun to genitive, the adjective follows suit [Ex. 2m]:

adjective noun
singular рыжего кота
Gen / m / s Gen / m / s
plural рыжих котов
Gen / pl Gen / m / pl

Replacing кот (tomcat) with кошка (female cat), we have [Ex. 1f]:

adjective noun
singular рыжая кошка
Nom / f / s Nom / f / s
plural рыжие кошки
Nom / pl Nom / f / pl

And in genitive [Ex. 2f]:

adjective noun
singular рыжей кошки
Gen / f / s Gen / f / s
plural рыжих кошек
Gen / pl Gen / f / pl

Luckily for learners of Russian, the plural forms of adjectives are the same irrespectively of gender. (It was not always the case.)

Now let’s add some cardinal numerals to our ginger tomcat [Ex. 3m]:

numeral adjective noun
1 один рыжий кот
Nom / m Nom / m / s Nom / m / s
2 два рыжих кота
Nom / m Gen / pl Gen / m / s
3 три рыжих кота
Nom Gen / pl Gen / m / s
4 четыре рыжих кота
Nom Gen / pl Gen / m / s
5 пять рыжих котов
Nom Gen / pl Gen / m / pl

What just happened? As you can see, the numerals other than один cause the nouns and adjectives to change the case to genitive. But if with пять (and above) both nouns and adjectives become, logically enough, plural, with the numerals два, три and четыре the noun stays in singular. We already mentioned that these three numerals behave as if not quite plural. The reason is, Proto-Indo-European and its descendants, in addition to singular and plural, had a grammatical number called dual (in Russian, двойственное число), which was used for pairs only. In modern Russian only a few traces of dual remain. However, some properties of dual were somehow extended to groups of three or four. I recently learned a (not widely known, but useful) term маломножественное число (literally, “few-plural number”), but I’d like to have something shorter. On Tamara’s suggestion, we can call this number “fewral” (pronounced /ˈfjuːrəl/; never mind that there is an identically spelled Turkmen word for February) or, for Spanish-speaking learners,“pocal” (from poco; please ignore the Romanian word meaning “goblet”).

Now, once again, let’s change the cat’s gender [Ex. 3f]:

numeral adjective noun
1 одна рыжая кошка
Nom / f Nom / f / s Nom / f / s
2 две рыжих кошки
Nom / f Gen / pl Gen / f / s
3–4 три-четыре рыжих кошки
Nom Gen / pl Gen / f / s
5–20 пять рыжих кошек
Nom Gen / pl Gen / f / pl

Comparing the masculine and feminine examples, you might have noticed that the pattern for 2 is not exactly the same as for 3 and 4. This is because the feminine form две is different from masculine (and neuter) form два, just like одна is different from masculine/neuter form один. Otherwise, we see the now-familiar story here: “fewral” nouns are in genitive singular, adjectives in genitive plural.

And this could be “it”... if it not were for the fact that another way is possible [Ex. 4f]:

numeral adjective noun
1 одна рыжая кошка
Nom / f Nom / f / s Nom / f / s
2 две рыжие кошки
Nom / f Nom / pl Nom / f / pl
3–4 три-четыре рыжие кошки
Nom Nom / pl Nom / f / pl
5–20 пять рыжих кошек
Nom Gen / pl Gen / f / pl

That’s right, both «две рыжих кошки» and «две рыжие кошки» are correct. But why? Going back to Examples [1f] and [2f]: did you notice that the genitive singular form, кошки, is identical to the nominative plural? Well this is how Russian feminine nouns behave, as a rule. So in “fewral” we can have either «рыжих кошки» (both genitive) or «рыжие кошки» (both nominative, both plural). Makes sense? Kind of. I think it is a matter of personal preference. I, for example, prefer «две шуточные песни» to «две шуточных песни». Perhaps my internal grammarian just likes to maximise the number of nominatives. Shame I can’t do the same with masculine and neuter.

You may ask, why did I write “5–20” rather than “5 and more”? Because when we reach 21, we say «двадцать одна рыжая кошка» (back to singular), then 22 «двадцать две рыжих кошки» or «двадцать две рыжие кошки» (back to fewral), and so on. Every time we hit a numeral ending with один/одна, два/две, три or четыре, we repeat the singular and fewral spiel again and again.

Last but not least: all these strange things happen only when our cardinal numerals are in nominative. As soon as we put them in any other case, the whole construction declines in a totally regular fashion, e.g. «одному рыжему коту» (dative) or «двумя рыжими кошками» (instrumental).

For homework, please take Kharms’ «один рыжий человек» and see what could happen with two, three, eleven and fifty-one theoretical red-haired men using Example [3m].

Saturday, 31 October 2015

魔女の宅急便

a film by Hayao Miyazaki

Not all witches are wicked. Kiki, a 13-year-old witch-in-training, is certainly not wicked. She reminds me of young Kayo from The Wind Rises and one of my former pupils in Cantabria. (That latter one has every chance to develop her wicked side though.) Riding a broom and ability of understand her black cat are Kiki’s only magical powers, and then she loses even them, albeit temporarily. On the contrary, the film has lost none. We watched it with Timur, for the nth time, just a few days ago. I told him that the town, Koriko, was mostly based on Stockholm.
“Where is that?”, he asked.
“We went there together. It was as recent as last year.”
“Did we?”
“Yes. We took a ferry from Helsinki.”
“Aaa”, Timur said. Obviously he didn’t remember.
“Well. It looks pretty much like this.”

Friday, 24 July 2015

Mort

by Terry Pratchett
    ☠ Boy saves the princess but chooses not to marry her.
    ☠ Alternate realities can co-exist.
    ☠ If you want Death’s job, learn how to speak in all caps. Now.

Mort was the first book of the great fantasy master that I read, some time at the end of last millennium. It was borrowed from the then newly-discwoverled (by me) Saffron Walden library. It took me exactly one evening and one full night. I finished reading about five in the morning, and I was working that day. I don’t remember if I came across a read this absorbing ever since. On the darker side, no other book of Pratchett I read was quite up to the standard set by Mort.

Now that I re-read Mort fifteensomething years later, I enjoyed it even more. I think most of its humour was lost upon me the first time round. A lot of brilliant ideas, barely mentioned here, could easily have been developed into full-blown novels. (Maybe they were.) And, while I did remember most of the book, some parts of it completely slipped off my mind, like the scene of Mort’s very first solo job.

The witch stood up, leaving her body behind.
“Well done,” she said. “I thought you’d missed it, for a minute, there.”
Mort leaned against a tree, panting heavily, and watched Goodie walk around the log to look at herself.
“Hmm,” she said critically. “Time has got a lot to answer for.” She raised her hand and laughed to see the stars through it.
Then she changed. Mort had seen this happen before, when the soul realised it was no longer bound by the body’s morphic field, but never under such control. Her hair unwound itself from its tight bun, changing colour and lengthening. Her body straightened up. Wrinkles dwindled and vanished. Her grey woollen dress moved like the surface of the sea and ended up tracing entirely different and disturbing contours.
She looked down, giggled, and changed the dress into something leaf-green and clingy.
“What do you think, Mort?” she said. Her voice had sounded cracked and quavery before. Now it suggested musk and maple syrup and other things that set Mort’s adam’s apple bobbing like a rubber ball on an elastic band.
“. . .” he managed, and gripped the scythe until his knuckles went white.
She walked towards him like a snake in a four-wheel drift.
“I didn’t hear you,” she purred.
“V-v-very nice,” he said. “Is that who you were?”
“It’s who I’ve always been.”
“Oh.” Mort stared at his feet. “I’m supposed to take you away,” he said.
“I know,” she said, “but I’m going to stay.”
“You can’t do that! I mean—” he fumbled for words — “you see, if you stay you sort of spread out and get thinner, until—”
“I shall enjoy it,” she said firmly. She leaned forward and gave him a kiss as insubstantial as a mayfly's sigh, fading as she did so until only the kiss was left, just like a Cheshire cat only much more erotic.
“Have a care, Mort,” said her voice in his head. “You may want to hold on to your job, but will you ever be able to let go?”

Friday, 21 December 2012

Searle’s Cats

by Ronald Searle

This is the book no cat lover — or hater — should be without.